Checking Engine Oil Condition

 

Hybrid Prius C

The PRIUS c 5-door hatchback joins the PRIUS, PRIUS V, CAMRY Hybrid and HIGHLANDER Hybrid as a hybrid model for Toyota. 

Hybrid Synergy Drive means that the vehicle contains a gasoline engine and an electric motor for power. The two hybrid power sources are stored on board the vehicle: 

1. Gasoline stored in the fuel tank for the gasoline engine.

2. Electricity stored in a high voltage Hybrid Vehicle (HV) battery pack for the electric motor. 

The result of combining these two power sources is improved fuel economy and reduced emissions. The gasoline engine also powers an electric generator to charge the battery pack; unlike a pure all electric vehicle, the PRIUS c never needs to be charged from an external electric power source. 

Depending on the driving conditions one or both sources are used to power the vehicle. The following illustration demonstrates how the PRIUS c operates in various driving modes.

(1) During light acceleration at low speeds, the vehicle is powered by the electric motor. The gasoline engine is shut off. 

(2) During normal driving, the vehicle is powered mainly by the gasoline engine. The gasoline engine also powers the generator to charge the battery pack and to drive the electric motor.

(3) During full acceleration, such as climbing a hill, both the gasoline engine and the electric motor power the vehicle. 

(4) During deceleration, such as when braking, the vehicle regenerates kinetic energy from the front wheels to produce electricity that charges the battery pack.

(5) While the vehicle is stopped, the gasoline engine and electric motor are off, however the vehicle remains on and operational.

Hybrid Synergy Drive Component Locations & Descriptions

Hybrid Prius C

Key Specifications

Gasoline Engine:  Electric Motor:  Transmission:  HV Battery:  Curb Weight:  Fuel Tank:  Fuel Economy:  Frame Material:  Body Material: Seating Capacity:

73 hp (54 kW), 1.5-liter Aluminum Alloy Engine  60 hp (45 kW), Permanent Magnet Motor  Automatic Only (electrically controlled continuously variable transaxle) 144 Volt Sealed NiMH Battery  2,500 lbs/1,132 kg  9.5 gals/36.0 liters  53 / 46 (City/Hwy) miles/gal, 3.5 / 4.0 (City/Hwy) liters/100 km  Steel Unibody   Steel Panels  5 passenger

70 years of Engine Oil

Type of engine oil on the basis of model year of vehicle.

Download link

https://archive.org/details/motor-oil-matters-70-yrs

Hybrid Battery System Precautions

PRECAUTIONS FOR INSPECTING HYBRID BATTERY SYSTEM

(a) Take safety precautions before inspection of high-voltage system, to to keep yourself safe from electrical shocks. Safety precautions are; wearing insulated gloves and removing service plug grip. When service plug grip is removed, put it in your pocket or away to prevent other technicians from from reconnecting it while you are busy in servicing of high-voltage. 

NOTICE:

When the power switch is turned ON (READY) after the service plug grip is removed, a malfunction could arise. So refrain from turning power switch ON (READY), unless advised by repair manual.

(b) Wait for at least 5 minutes after the service plug is disconnected, before touching any high-voltage connectors or terminals.

HINT:

For discharging high-voltage condenser inside the inverter, 5 minutes are at least necessary.

(c) Always wear protective goggles while checking inside the HV battery, as liquid leakage might occur.

(d) Before handling any of the orange-colored wires in high-voltage system, always wear insulated gloves, the power switch turned OFF, the negative terminal of auxiliary  battery be disconnected, 

(e) The power switch should be turned OFF first before carrying out a resistance check.

(f) The power switch should be turned OFF first before any connector is disconnected or reconnected.

(g) For installation of the service plug grip, it is necessary to flip and lock down the lever. The interlock switch is turned ON once the lever is locked down right in place. Always make sure to securely lock it. In case if you leave it unlocked, a DTC relating to interlock switch system is will be shown  be the vehicle sysem

API Engine Oil Change Guidelines

American Petroleum Institute (API) guidelines to help you get more from your motor (engine) oil.

 

• Always refer to your car owner’s manual for type of oil to use.
• Always follow manufacturer’s motor oil change recommendations.
• Always use only the recommended API category:“S” for gasoline engines; i.e. SG, SH, SJ, SL, SM, SN, SP, & “C” for diesel engines; CH-4, CI-4, CJ-4.
• Always select the proper SAE oil viscosity grade.
• If you want to mix different brands of oil, use the same viscosity grade and API service category to properly maintain performance.
• Always properly dispose of used engine oil.
• Always Look for the API Certification marks every time you buy engine oil.
• Always ask your vendor for API-licensed oil whenever you have your oil changed.
  
  

What is Corona Stain?

What is Corona Stain, & how does it affect spark plugs performance?

The brown color on white insulation just above metal sheet of spark plugs is called corona stain.

There are famous rumors amongst the circle of untrained auto technicians that this corona stains is the sign of faulty spark plug or a spark plug that has short circuit. This is totally an absurd claim. It has no scientific grounds. If you ask such an auto technician that why this color appears on a spark plug. He will simply say a short circuit. When you ask him again, how? He will be unable to logically answer it. This is because he doesn’t know the science behind this corona stain.

This corona stain is well explained by one of the leading manufacturer of spark plugs; Denso. According to Denso, the suspended particles of oil stick to spark plugs that form brownish color on spark plugs. In more detail, sometimes high voltage in spark plugs produces corona discharge that ionizes gas around spark plugs just above metal sheet. To this are attracted suspended oil particles, and stick firmly, and thus causes brownish color called corona stain.

This stain has no effect on spark plugs performance.

Fluid Capacities of Toyota Camry / Camry Gracia Sedan(1996-2001)

Fluid Capacities of Toyota C-HR (2016---)

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Diagnostic Touble Codes For Hybrid Battery System

 Author: Ijaz Sadid

Diagnostic Touble Codes For Hybrid Battery System
DTC #	DTC Details
P0A7F-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Deterioration
P0A80-123	Replace Hybrid Battery Pack
P0A82-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Cooling Fan 1 Performance / Stuck OFF
P0A84-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Cooling Fan 1 Control Circuit Low
P0A85-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Cooling Fan 1 Control Circuit High
P0A95-123	High Voltage Fuse
P0A9C-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor A Range / Performance
P0A9D-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor A Circuit Low
P0A9E-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor A Circuit High
P0AAE-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Air Temperature Sensor A Circuit Low
P0AAF-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Air Temperature Sensor A Circuit High
P0ABF-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Current Sensor Circuit
P0AC0-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Current Sensor Circuit Range / Performance
P0AC1-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Current Sensor Circuit Low
P0AC2-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Current Sensor Circuit High
P0AC6-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor B Range / Performance
P0AC7-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor B Circuit Low
P0AC8-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor B Circuit High
P0ACB-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor C Range / Performance
P0ACC-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor C Circuit Low
P0ACD-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor C Circuit High
P0AFC-123	Hybrid Battery Pack Sensor Module
P0B3D-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor A Circuit Low
P0B42-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor B Circuit Low
P0B47-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor C Circuit Low
P0B4C-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor D Circuit Low
P0B51-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor E Circuit Low
P0B56-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor F Circuit Low
P0B5B-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor G Circuit Low
P0B60-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor H Circuit Low
P0B65-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor I Circuit Low
P0B6A-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor J Circuit Low
P0B6F-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor K Circuit Low
P0B74-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor L Circuit Low
P0B79-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor M Circuit Low
P0B7E-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor N Circuit Low
P0B83-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor O Circuit Low
P3011-123	Battery Block 1 Becomes Weak
P3012-123	Battery Block 2 Becomes Weak
P3013-123	Battery Block 3 Becomes Weak
P3014-123	Battery Block 4 Becomes Weak
P3015-123	Battery Block 5 Becomes Weak
P3016-123	Battery Block 6 Becomes Weak
P3017-123	Battery Block 7 Becomes Weak
P3018-123	Battery Block 8 Becomes Weak
P3019-123	Battery Block 9 Becomes Weak
P3020-123	Battery Block 10 Becomes Weak
P3021-123	Battery Block 11 Becomes Weak
P3022-123	Battery Block 12 Becomes Weak
P3023-123	Battery Block 13 Becomes Weak
P3024-123	Battery Block 14 Becomes Weak
P3065-123	Hybrid Battery Temperature Sensor Range/Performance Stuck A
P308A-123	Hybrid Battery Voltage Sensor All Circuits Low
U029A-123	Lost Communication with Hybrid Battery Pack Sensor Module